אסיף מאגר המחקר החקלאי

Characterization of the apoptosis suppressor protein p49 from the Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus

Year:

2002

Source of publication :

Authors :

Volume :

277

Co-Authors:

Pei, Z., Entomology Dept., Institute of Plant Protection, Volcani Center, POB 6, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel, Institute of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Reske, G., Entomology Dept., Institute of Plant Protection, Volcani Center, POB 6, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
Huang, Q., Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., San Diego, CA 92307, United States
Hammock, B.D., Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
Qi, Y., Institute of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Chejanovsky, N., Entomology Dept., Institute of Plant Protection, Volcani Center, POB 6, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel

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Abstract:

Two antiapoptotic types of genes, iap and p35, were found in baculoviruses. P35 is a 35.kDa protein that can suppress apoptosis induced by virus infection or by diverse stimuli in vertebrates or invertebrates. iap homologues were identified in insects and mammals. Recently, we have identified sl-p49, a novel apoptosis suppressor gene and the first homologue of p35, in the genome of the Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus. Here we show that sl-p49 encodes a 49-kDa protein, confirmed its primary structure that displays 48.8% identity to P35, and performed computer-assisted modeling of P49 based on the structure of P35. We demonstrated that P49 is able to inhibit insect and human effector caspases, which requires P49 cleavage at Asp94. Finally we identified domains important for P49's anti-apoptotic function that include a reactive site loop (RSL) protruding from a β-barrel domain. RSL begins at an amphipathic α1 helix, traverses the β-sheet central region, exposing Asp94 at the apex, and rejoins the β-barrel. Our model predicted seven α-helical motifs, three of them unique to P49. α-Helical motifs a1, a2, and a4 were required for P49 function. The high structural homology between P49 and P35 suggests that these molecules bear a scaffold common to baculovirus "apoptotic suppressor" proteins. P49 may serve as a novel tool to analyze the contribution of different components of the caspase chain in the apoptotic response in organisms not related phylogenetically.

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