Watad, A.A., Dept. of Ornamental Horticulture, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 6, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel
Ahroni, A., Kennedy-Leigh Ctr. for Hort. R., Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Zuker, A., Kennedy-Leigh Ctr. for Hort. R., Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Shejtman, H., Dept. of Ornamental Horticulture, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 6, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel
Nissim, A., Dept. of Ornamental Horticulture, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 6, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel
Vainstein, A., Kennedy-Leigh Ctr. for Hort. R., Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel

Adventitious shoot regeneration from stem explants of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L., cultivar 'White Sim') was studied using three different culture procedures: agar-gelled medium, liquid shaken medium, and an interfacial membrane raft floating on liquid medium. In all culture procedures, explants derived from the first upper internode exhibited higher adventitious shoot formation than those from the second internode. On agar- gelled medium, the number of regenerated shoots per explant from the first internode increased with increasing thidiazuron (TDZ) concentration (up to 4 mg 1-1) in the presence of 1 mg 1-1 naphthaleneacetic acid. In the liquid shaken culture, the number of regenerated shoots peaked at 1 mg TDZ 1-1. Maximum shoot regeneration on an interfacial membrane raft was obtained in the presence of 0.25 mg TDZ 1-1. A comparison of the overall efficiencies of shoot regeneration for each culture procedure showed that maximum shoot regeneration on the raft was twice and three times that obtained with agar- gelled and liquid shaken media, respectively.