אסיף מאגר המחקר החקלאי

Generation and dissipation of methyl isothiocyanate in soils following metam sodium fumigation: Impact on verticillium control and potato yield

Year:

2007

Source of publication :

Authors :

Volume :

91

Co-Authors:

Triky-Dotan, S., Laboratory for Pest Management Research, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
Austerweil, M., Laboratory for Pest Management Research, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
Steiner, B., Laboratory for Pest Management Research, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
Peretz-Alon, Y., Agricultural Committee, Maon Region Enterprises Israel, Israel
Katan, J., Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Gamliel, A., Laboratory for Pest Management Research, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel

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Abstract:

The fate of methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) was studied in agricultural soils following metam sodium (MS) application in a controlled system and under field conditions as it was related to disease control. Soil samples were collected from 34 field sites in Israel with no history of MS application. The generation and dissipation curves of MITC in these soils, under controlled conditions, varied significantly among the soils, as reflected by the concentration by time (C x T) product. This value was significantly related with the mortality level of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici as a test organism and sand content of the soils. Seven field experiments were conducted in potato fields from 2001 to 2004. The MS treatments significantly reduced Verticillium wilt incidence and severity in five and four experiments, respectively, out of seven. Combining MS with formalin was more effective for controlling disease than MS alone in most cases. A significant relationship was found between mortality of F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici in soil samples to which MS was applied under controlled conditions and the incidence of Verticillium wilt disease in the field, and between CMITC x T products and the incidence of Verticillium wilt disease in the field. These tests can be used for preplant assessment of potential MS efficacy. © 2007 The American Phytopathological Society.

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