Co-Authors:
Klein, J.D., Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO-Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel
Wood, L.A., Dept. of Horticulture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0312, United States
Geneve, R.L., Dept. of Horticulture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0312, United States
Abstract:
Eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides) is a warm-season perennial grass used for forage, as an ornamental grass in landscapes, and for conservation plantings. The seed is encased in a cupule and requires cold moist stratification for germination, which rarely exceeds 60%. The objective of this study was to investigate cupule color as a marker for germination in seeds treated by stratification or hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2). Cupules of 'Pete' and 'Highlander' varieties were visually separated into green, medium, and dark categories. Seed and cupules for each category were measured for chlorophyll content, size and weight. Seed-containing cupules were stratified for 6 weeks at 4°C or were soaked in 0 to 30% H 2O 2 for up to 48h and then germinated at 20°C/30°C (12h: 12h) in the dark. "Dark" cupules and seeds were heavier, larger, and had less chlorophyll than "medium" or "green". "Green" seeds had the lowest germination percentage and shortest shoots regardless of treatment. Soaking in 15% H 2O 2 for 18h broke dormancy most effectively. Seed-containing cupules treated with H 2O 2 germinated within two weeks, while isolated seeds began germinating within 4 days, indicating that the cupule is at least partially responsible for dormancy. Rigorous sorting of gamagrass cupules by color or weight will improve the germination and vigor of the resulting seedlot. Treatment with 15% H 2O 2 for 18h can substitute for six weeks of stratification at 4°C in satisfying dormancy of eastern gamagrass.
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