Co-Authors:
Dag, A., Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
Degani, C., Institute of Horticulture, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
Gazit, S., Kennedy-Leigh Centre for Horticultural Research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Abstract:
In-hive pollen transfer was studied in caged mango (Mangifera indica L.) 'Irwin' cv. trees. Small beehives with two openings, internal and external, were introduced into the cages enabling bees foraging outside the cage to come in contact, in the hive, with bees foraging on the caged tree. The pollen parent of mature fruit embryos was determined by isozyme analysis of mature leaves from seedlings. The hybrid percentage was determined by means of the isozyme loci Pgm-1 and Idh; 'Irwin' is homozygous for both isozyme loci and the potential pollenizers are heterozygous in one of them. Thus, the actual hybrid rate was double the observed rate of heterozygosity. The rates of hybrids were calculated as 18 and 6% in fruit from caged trees with a double-opening and a single-opening hive, respectively. This difference was found to be highly significant. Foreign pollen brought to the hive by bees foraging outside the cage was responsible for the resultant 12% increase in hybrid rate. This is clear proof that in-hive pollen transfer occurs in mango. The novel introduction of two-opening hives with caged flowering plants and parental analysis of the progeny may serve as an effective technique for studying in-hive pollen transfer in self-fertile plants.
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