Gindin, G., Department of Entomology, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel
Kuznetsova, T., Department of Entomology, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel
Protasov, A., Department of Entomology, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel
Yehuda, S.B., Ministry of Agriculture, Extension Service, Afula, Israel
Mendel, Z., Department of Entomology, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel

The main objective was to develop an artificial diet for two flat-headed borers, Capnodis tenebrionis L. and C. carbonaria Klug. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), which are severe pests of stonefruit plantations in the Mediterranean basin. The effect of proteins from various sources, percentage of cortex tissue in the diet and diet structure on larval growth and survival were investigated. The most successful diet contained 2.8% casein and 4.6% dry brewer's yeast as the protein source. For complete larval development and successful pupation it is essential to include cortex tissue from the host plant in the diet. Mean larval development time was shortened by 10-12 days when reared on a diet containing 20% cortex tissue compared with rearing on diet containing 10% cortex tissue. Two different diet structures were required, a viscous matrix for the first and second instar larvae and drier crumbly diet, which allows the larvae to move within the diet, for older larvae. At 28°C on the artificial diet C. tenebrionis and C. carbonaria completed their development in 2-2.5 months compared to the 6-11 months recorded in Israeli orchards. C. tenebrionis successfully completed two generations on the artificial diet.