חיפוש מתקדם
Soil Biology and Biochemistry
Saadi, I., Agricultural Research Organization, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O.B. 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
Laor, Y., Agricultural Research Organization, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O.B. 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
Medina, S., Agricultural Research Organization, Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O.B. 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
Krassnovsky, A., Agricultural Research Organization, Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O.B. 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
Raviv, M., Agricultural Research Organization, Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O.B. 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
The effect of storage conditions on compost suppressiveness against fusarium wilt of melon, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis (FOM) was studied in relation to the dynamics of compost microbial activity and biodegradability. For this purpose, mature suppressive compost, prepared from tomato plants and separated cow manure, was divided into four portions and stored for one year under cool/warm (12 or 28 °C) or dry/wet (15-35 or 55-65% moisture content) conditions, in four different combinations: cool-dry, warm-dry, cool-wet and warm-wet. All composts retained and even enhanced their suppressive capacity during storage, with no significant differences among them by the end of the storage period. However, significant differences were found in the dynamics of some of the measured chemical and microbial properties. The microbial activity of composts stored under wet conditions was higher than that of those stored under dry condition, which resulted in a substantial decrease in dissolved organic matter content (expressed as dissolved organic carbon; DOC) and increase in its recalcitrance to biological degradation, decrease in basal heat emission, slower response to added glucose or citric acid, and higher NO3 concentration, indicating increased nitrification under wet conditions. The DOC significantly correlated with several microbial properties as well as with compost suppressiveness of fusarium wilt of melon seedlings, and may be regarded as a most suitable general index for compost maturity. A best-subset multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the three best predictors, namely dissolved organic carbon (DOC), basal heat, and mesophilic bacterial counts, could explain as much as 83% of the total variance in compost suppressiveness. The generally agreed association between compost maturity and suppressiveness was verified in this case. It appears that compost microbial populations might compete and interfere with the saprophytic stage of FOM conidia, between germination and host invasion. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that compost suppressiveness against fusarium wilt of melon can be maintained for at least one year under a wide range of storage conditions, without any loss of suppressive capacity. This fact has positive logistical implications for the use of suppressive composts against FOM. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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הספר "אוצר וולקני"
אודות
תנאי שימוש
Compost suppressiveness against Fusarium oxysporum was not reduced after one-year storage under various moisture and temperature conditions
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Saadi, I., Agricultural Research Organization, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O.B. 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
Laor, Y., Agricultural Research Organization, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O.B. 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
Medina, S., Agricultural Research Organization, Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O.B. 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
Krassnovsky, A., Agricultural Research Organization, Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O.B. 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
Raviv, M., Agricultural Research Organization, Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O.B. 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
Compost suppressiveness against Fusarium oxysporum was not reduced after one-year storage under various moisture and temperature conditions
The effect of storage conditions on compost suppressiveness against fusarium wilt of melon, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis (FOM) was studied in relation to the dynamics of compost microbial activity and biodegradability. For this purpose, mature suppressive compost, prepared from tomato plants and separated cow manure, was divided into four portions and stored for one year under cool/warm (12 or 28 °C) or dry/wet (15-35 or 55-65% moisture content) conditions, in four different combinations: cool-dry, warm-dry, cool-wet and warm-wet. All composts retained and even enhanced their suppressive capacity during storage, with no significant differences among them by the end of the storage period. However, significant differences were found in the dynamics of some of the measured chemical and microbial properties. The microbial activity of composts stored under wet conditions was higher than that of those stored under dry condition, which resulted in a substantial decrease in dissolved organic matter content (expressed as dissolved organic carbon; DOC) and increase in its recalcitrance to biological degradation, decrease in basal heat emission, slower response to added glucose or citric acid, and higher NO3 concentration, indicating increased nitrification under wet conditions. The DOC significantly correlated with several microbial properties as well as with compost suppressiveness of fusarium wilt of melon seedlings, and may be regarded as a most suitable general index for compost maturity. A best-subset multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the three best predictors, namely dissolved organic carbon (DOC), basal heat, and mesophilic bacterial counts, could explain as much as 83% of the total variance in compost suppressiveness. The generally agreed association between compost maturity and suppressiveness was verified in this case. It appears that compost microbial populations might compete and interfere with the saprophytic stage of FOM conidia, between germination and host invasion. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that compost suppressiveness against fusarium wilt of melon can be maintained for at least one year under a wide range of storage conditions, without any loss of suppressive capacity. This fact has positive logistical implications for the use of suppressive composts against FOM. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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