Co-Authors:
Laor, Y., Department of Environmental Science, Cook College, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903-0231, United States
Farmer, W.J., Dept. of Soils and Environ. Science, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
Aochi, Y., Dept. of Soils and Environ. Science, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
Strom, P.F., Dept. Environ. Sci. Andnj Agric. E., Cook College, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903-0231, United States
Abstract:
Phenanthrene, a three ring aromatic hydrocarbon, was used as a model substrate to distinguish between binding and sorption to dissolved and to mineral-associated humic acid (HA), with an emphasis on its implication to bioavailability. Binding was analyzed by a fluorescence quenching technique using Aldrich HA and HAs derived from compost, loamy and clay loamy soils. Measurements were made both in buffered water and in a mineral medium to be used later in a bioavailability study. Sorption of phenanthrene to mineral-associated HA was analyzed in batch experiments. Mineral-HA complexes were prepared with goethite, hematite, and Ca2+- and Cu2+-montmorillonite. Interaction of HA with clay minerals was greater at low pH and was dependent on the mineral type. Sorption of phenanthrene to these complexes was substantially higher at lower pH and higher when the HA was associated with montmorillonite rather than goethite or hematite. Binding coefficients (K(b(oc))) obtained for dissolved HA were at least an order of magnitude higher than sorption coefficients (K(p(oc))) obtained for mineral-associated HA. Both binding and sorption coefficient values were substantially higher for Aldrich HA. This work emphasizes the need for a derailed sorption study before conducting well controlled bioavailability experiments.Phenanthrene, a three ring aromatic hydrocarbon, was used as a model substrate to distinguish between binding and sorption to dissolved and to mineral-associated humic acid (HA), with an emphasis on its implication to bioavailability. Binding was analyzed by a fluorescence quenching technique using Aldrich HA and HAs derived from compost, loamy and clay loamy soils. Measurements were made both in buffered water and in a mineral medium to be used later in a bioavailability study. Sorption of phenanthrene to mineral-associated HA was analyzed in batch experiments. Mineral-HA complexes were prepared with goethite, hematite, and Ca2+- and Cu2+-montmorillonite. Interaction of HA with clay minerals was greater at low pH and was dependent on the mineral type. Sorption of phenanthrene to these complexes was substantially higher at lower pH and higher when the HA was associated with montmorillonite rather than goethite or hematite. Binding coefficients (Kb(oc)) obtained for dissolved HA were at least an order of magnitude higher than sorption coefficients (Kp(oc)) obtained for mineral-associated HA. Both binding and sorption coefficient values were substantially higher for Aldrich HA. This work emphasizes the need for a detailed sorption study before conducting well controlled bioavailability experiments.
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