אסיף מאגר המחקר החקלאי

Parallel Evolution Under Domestication and Phenotypic Differentiation of the Cultivated Subspecies of Cucurbita pepo (Cucurbitaceae)

Year:

2012

Source of publication :

Authors :

Volume :

66

Co-Authors:

Paris, H.S., Department of Vegetable Crops and Plant Genetics, Agricultural Research Organization, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel
Lebeda, A., Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů, Czech Republic
Křistkova, E., Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů, Czech Republic
Andres, T.C., The Cucurbit Network, Bronx, NY, United States
Nee, M.H., Institute of Systematic Botany, New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, United States

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Abstract:

Parallel Evolution under Domestication and Phenotypic Differentiation of the Cultivated Subspecies of Cucurbita pepo (Cucurbitaceae). Cucurbita pepo (pumpkin, squash, gourd, Cucurbitaceae) is an ancient North American domesticate of considerable economic importance. Based on molecular genetic polymorphisms, two cultivated lineages of this species, each consisting of very many edible-fruited cultigens, have been recognized, C. pepo subsp. pepo and C. pepo subsp. texana. However, the phenotypic commonalities and differences between these two subspecies have not as yet been systematically collected and organized. Among the evolutionary developments common to the two subspecies are the increased size of the plant parts, less plant branching, and premature loss of chlorophyll in the exocarp of the fruits. In both subspecies, bush growth habit, conferred by allele Bu, is common to the cultigens grown for consumption of the immature fruits, as is the deviation from the 1:1 ratio of fruit length to fruit width. A major characteristic differentiating between the edible-fruited cultigens of the respective subspecies are the longitudinal protrusions, in subsp. pepo, versus depressions, in subsp. texana, of the fruit surface corresponding with the subsurface primary carpellary vein tracts. Subsp. pepo also has larger fruits and larger and longer seeds. In addition, some alleles affecting stem color, leaf mottling, multiple flower bud production, and fruit characteristics are frequently occurring to nearly fixed in one subspecies but are rare to less common in the other. © 2012 The New York Botanical Garden.

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