Vardi, A., Institute of Horticulture, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
Galun, E., Department of Plant Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel

The full sequence from in vitro cultured ovules, namely nucellar callus, isolated protoplasts, protoplast derived embryogenic callus and the establishment of protoplast-derived normal fruiting Citrus trees is described. Somatic hybridization and cybridization were performed and respective cybrid trees were verified by their mitochondrial DNA restriction profiles. Future trends and possibilities for integrating molecular methodologies with tissue culture and protoplast manipulation, in order to produce novel transgenic Citrus trees with favorable breeding traits, are discussed. © 1988.