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Plant Cell
Charuvi, D., The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel, Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Kiss, V., Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Nevo, R., Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Shimoni, E., Electron Microscopy Unit, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Adam, Z., The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Reich, Z., Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Chloroplasts of higher plants develop from proplastids, which are undifferentiated plastids that lack photosynthetic (thylakoid) membranes. In flowering plants, the proplastid-chloroplast transition takes place at the shoot apex, which consists of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and the flanking leaf primordia. It has been believed that the SAM contains only proplastids and that these become chloroplasts only in the primordial leaves. Here, we show that plastids of the SAM are neither homogeneous nor necessarily null. Rather, their developmental state varies with the specific region and/or layer of the SAM in which they are found. Plastids throughout the L1 and L3 layers of the SAM possess fairly developed thylakoid networks. However, many of these plastids eventually lose their thylakoids during leaf maturation. By contrast, plastids at the central, stem cell-harboring region of the L2 layer of the SAM lack thylakoid membranes; these appear only at the periphery, near the leaf primordia. Thus, plastids in the SAM undergo distinct differentiation processes that, depending on their lineage and position, lead to either development or loss of thylakoid membranes. These processes continue along the course of leaf maturation. © 2012 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved.
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תנאי שימוש
Gain and loss of photosynthetic membranes during plastid differentiation in the shoot apex of arabidopsis
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Charuvi, D., The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel, Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Kiss, V., Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Nevo, R., Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Shimoni, E., Electron Microscopy Unit, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Adam, Z., The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Reich, Z., Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Gain and loss of photosynthetic membranes during plastid differentiation in the shoot apex of arabidopsis
Chloroplasts of higher plants develop from proplastids, which are undifferentiated plastids that lack photosynthetic (thylakoid) membranes. In flowering plants, the proplastid-chloroplast transition takes place at the shoot apex, which consists of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and the flanking leaf primordia. It has been believed that the SAM contains only proplastids and that these become chloroplasts only in the primordial leaves. Here, we show that plastids of the SAM are neither homogeneous nor necessarily null. Rather, their developmental state varies with the specific region and/or layer of the SAM in which they are found. Plastids throughout the L1 and L3 layers of the SAM possess fairly developed thylakoid networks. However, many of these plastids eventually lose their thylakoids during leaf maturation. By contrast, plastids at the central, stem cell-harboring region of the L2 layer of the SAM lack thylakoid membranes; these appear only at the periphery, near the leaf primordia. Thus, plastids in the SAM undergo distinct differentiation processes that, depending on their lineage and position, lead to either development or loss of thylakoid membranes. These processes continue along the course of leaf maturation. © 2012 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved.
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