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פותח על ידי קלירמאש פתרונות בע"מ -
Infrared thermography of evaporative fluxes and dynamics of salt deposition on heterogeneous porous surfaces
Year:
2011
Source of publication :
Water Resources Research
Authors :
נחשון, אורי
;
.
Volume :
47
Co-Authors:
Nachshon, U., Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 84990, Israel
Shahraeeni, E., Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Institute of Fluid Dynamics, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland
Or, D., Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Dragila, M., Faculty of Soil Science, School of Integrated Plant, Soil and Insect Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
Weisbrod, N., Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 84990, Israel
Facilitators :
From page:
To page:
(
Total pages:
1
)
Abstract:
Evaporation of saline solutions from porous media, common in arid areas, involves complex interactions between mass transport, energy exchange and phase transitions. We quantified evaporation of saline solutions from heterogeneous sand columns under constant hydraulic boundary conditions to focus on effects of salt precipitation on evaporation dynamics. Mass loss measurements and infrared thermography were used to quantify evaporation rates. The latter method enables quantification of spatial and temporal variability of salt precipitation to identify its dynamic effects on evaporation. Evaporation from columns filled with texturally-contrasting sand using different salt solutions revealed preferential salt precipitation within the fine textured domains. Salt precipitation reduced evaporation rates from the fine textured regions by nearly an order of magnitude. In contrast, low evaporation rates from coarse-textured regions (due to low capillary drive) exhibited less salt precipitation and consequently less evaporation rate suppression. Experiments provided insights into two new phenomena: (1) a distinct increase in evaporation rate at the onset of evaporation; and (2) a vapor pumping mechanism related to the presence of a salt crust over semidry media. Both phenomena are related to local vapor pressure gradients established between pore water and the surface salt crust. Comparison of two salts: NaCl and NaI, which tend to precipitate above the matrix surface and within matrix pores, respectively, shows a much stronger influence of NaCl on evaporation rate suppression. This disparity reflects the limited effect of NaI precipitation on matrix resistivity for solution and vapor flows. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.
Note:
Related Files :
arid region
Arid regions
Capillary drive
Evaporation rate
Saline solutions
salinity
Sand columns
Textured regions
עוד תגיות
תוכן קשור
More details
DOI :
10.1029/2011WR010776
Article number:
Affiliations:
Database:
סקופוס
Publication Type:
מאמר
;
.
Language:
אנגלית
Editors' remarks:
ID:
31755
Last updated date:
02/03/2022 17:27
Creation date:
17/04/2018 01:05
Scientific Publication
Infrared thermography of evaporative fluxes and dynamics of salt deposition on heterogeneous porous surfaces
47
Nachshon, U., Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 84990, Israel
Shahraeeni, E., Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Institute of Fluid Dynamics, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8092, Switzerland
Or, D., Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Dragila, M., Faculty of Soil Science, School of Integrated Plant, Soil and Insect Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
Weisbrod, N., Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 84990, Israel
Infrared thermography of evaporative fluxes and dynamics of salt deposition on heterogeneous porous surfaces
Evaporation of saline solutions from porous media, common in arid areas, involves complex interactions between mass transport, energy exchange and phase transitions. We quantified evaporation of saline solutions from heterogeneous sand columns under constant hydraulic boundary conditions to focus on effects of salt precipitation on evaporation dynamics. Mass loss measurements and infrared thermography were used to quantify evaporation rates. The latter method enables quantification of spatial and temporal variability of salt precipitation to identify its dynamic effects on evaporation. Evaporation from columns filled with texturally-contrasting sand using different salt solutions revealed preferential salt precipitation within the fine textured domains. Salt precipitation reduced evaporation rates from the fine textured regions by nearly an order of magnitude. In contrast, low evaporation rates from coarse-textured regions (due to low capillary drive) exhibited less salt precipitation and consequently less evaporation rate suppression. Experiments provided insights into two new phenomena: (1) a distinct increase in evaporation rate at the onset of evaporation; and (2) a vapor pumping mechanism related to the presence of a salt crust over semidry media. Both phenomena are related to local vapor pressure gradients established between pore water and the surface salt crust. Comparison of two salts: NaCl and NaI, which tend to precipitate above the matrix surface and within matrix pores, respectively, shows a much stronger influence of NaCl on evaporation rate suppression. This disparity reflects the limited effect of NaI precipitation on matrix resistivity for solution and vapor flows. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.
Scientific Publication
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