אסיף מאגר המחקר החקלאי

Chemical characteristics of soilless media

Year:

2008

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Silber, A., Agricultural Research Organization, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, P.O.B. 6, 50250, Israel

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Abstract:

This chapter deals with the chemical properties of soilless media. Tuff is a volcanic material used as a substrate for horticultural crops in Italy, Spain, France, Turkey, and Israel and had been the subject of considerable research with respect to chemical properties as a horticultural substrate. This chapter uses tuff as model for illustration and elucidation of the chemical processes taking place in soilless media systems. The first category of chemical property described is that related to charge characteristics. This includes cation exchange capacity, anion exchange capacity, and pH titration analysis. Following this, the study discusses specific adsorption and interactions between cations/anions and substrate solids. The solubility and the interactions of nutritional elements with the substrate solids are associated with ion characteristics such as valence, size, and hydration status. Furthermore, it deals with plant-induced changes in the rhizosphere. Under this, it considers the effects on chemical properties of surfaces of substrate solids. Plant growth may affect the chemical properties of the substrate solids through three main mechanisms: changes of the surface charge and chemical properties of the solids through the addition of specifically adsorbed ions, addition of new solid materials, and accumulation of root exudates and decomposition products. Finally, this chapter explains nutrient release from inorganic and organic substrates. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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