Co-Authors:
Acher, A.J., Department of Organic and Resiques Chemistry, Institute of Soils and Water, Agricultural Research Orgnaizaiton, Bet-Dagan, 50250, Israel
Boderie, P., Department of Organic and Resiques Chemistry, Institute of Soils and Water, Agricultural Research Orgnaizaiton, Bet-Dagan, 50250, Israel
Yaron, B., Department of Organic and Resiques Chemistry, Institute of Soils and Water, Agricultural Research Orgnaizaiton, Bet-Dagan, 50250, Israel
Abstract:
A laboratory study of soil contamination by a synthetic "kerosene" is reported. Soil (Mediterranean red sandy clay) samples with different moisture contents (0.0, 0.8, 4.0, and 12%, w/w) were contaminated by vapors and/or liquid from a mixture containing 5 kerosene components (m-xylene, pseudo-cumene, t-butylbenzene, n-decane and n-dodecane). The contribution of the different kerosene components to the adsorption, volatilization and transport processes is described. Vapor adsorption was found to be dependent on the vapor concentration of each component (except for the n-decane), and on the soil moisture content. The sorption coefficients of the kerosene components decreased with increasing temperature but showed only a very slight variability between 20 and 34°C, in air-dried soil. The volatilization from soil was high: more than 90% of the aromatic components were desorbed in less than 2 h. The transport of the kerosene, in liquid and vapor phases, through the soil columns, was studied using amounts of kerosene which were less (1 mL) or more (10 mL) than the retention capacity of the soil columns. The increase in the moisture content of the soil increased the rate and the depth of kerosene downward penetration. It stopped however, the vapor movement (at 4%) and the upward liquid movement (at 12%). Among the properties of the kerosene components, volatility seems to be the prime factor which determines kerosene movement once liquid phase movement has ceased. © 1989.
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