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Ranjith P. Udawatta, Stephen H. Anderson, Clark J. Gantzer

Evaluation of earth materials with computed tomography (CT) provides data on geometrical pore parameters and spatial variability within the structure for two and three dimensions that conventional methods do not. These data can be used to improve flow and energy-transfer models, advance techniques for storage of water, and develop tools to characterize structure of materials. This paper compares geometrical pore parameters of two- and three-dimensional measures of soils and explains benefits and limitations of these measures relative to sample size, image resolution, and image analysis. CT of soil samples scanned at 190-, 74-, and 9.6-µm resolutions were using a medical scanner, high-resolution scanner, and synchrotron microtomography. Available image analysis software was used to discriminate among soil materials from natural causes or management effects. Images at high resolution provide information on path tortuosity, pore connectivity, and pore geometry in three-dimensional scale, while low-resolution scans provide data on pores number, two-dimensional features, and pore area. Low- and high-resolution scans both show the same trend pore number although high-resolution scans showed greater pores. Samples scanned at a 74 and 9.6 µm discriminated samples by pore connectivity parameters. The 9.6-µm scans showed pores with high coordination numbers had lower probability values. The 9.6-µm scans underestimated total pore length and volume compared to those detected by the 74-µm scans. Comparisons indicated that 190 µm can be used to differentiate effects for a larger number of samples and high resolution may be used to obtain added information on geometrical parameters for preselected samples. Imaging scale may be based on selecting which parameter(s) is of interest. Combination of smaller-sized samples along with larger samples may provide information on more holistic treatment, reaction, and process effects.

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Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Earth Materials with Varying Resolutions

Ranjith P. Udawatta, Stephen H. Anderson, Clark J. Gantzer

Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Earth Materials with Varying Resolutions

Evaluation of earth materials with computed tomography (CT) provides data on geometrical pore parameters and spatial variability within the structure for two and three dimensions that conventional methods do not. These data can be used to improve flow and energy-transfer models, advance techniques for storage of water, and develop tools to characterize structure of materials. This paper compares geometrical pore parameters of two- and three-dimensional measures of soils and explains benefits and limitations of these measures relative to sample size, image resolution, and image analysis. CT of soil samples scanned at 190-, 74-, and 9.6-µm resolutions were using a medical scanner, high-resolution scanner, and synchrotron microtomography. Available image analysis software was used to discriminate among soil materials from natural causes or management effects. Images at high resolution provide information on path tortuosity, pore connectivity, and pore geometry in three-dimensional scale, while low-resolution scans provide data on pores number, two-dimensional features, and pore area. Low- and high-resolution scans both show the same trend pore number although high-resolution scans showed greater pores. Samples scanned at a 74 and 9.6 µm discriminated samples by pore connectivity parameters. The 9.6-µm scans showed pores with high coordination numbers had lower probability values. The 9.6-µm scans underestimated total pore length and volume compared to those detected by the 74-µm scans. Comparisons indicated that 190 µm can be used to differentiate effects for a larger number of samples and high resolution may be used to obtain added information on geometrical parameters for preselected samples. Imaging scale may be based on selecting which parameter(s) is of interest. Combination of smaller-sized samples along with larger samples may provide information on more holistic treatment, reaction, and process effects.

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