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Phytoparasitica

I. Pertot

Oidium neolycopersici is the causal agent of tomato powdery mildew, resulting in powdery white spots on leaves and other plant parts. Severe infections lead to marked reduction in fruit size and quality and to leaf wilt. Biocontrol agents (BCAs) can provide sufficient protection, but they are sensitive to environmental conditions. A better understanding of the plant-pathogen – BCAs interaction and the effect of microclimate on the interaction can help to improve the efficacy of BCAs. Two microorganisms, a bacterium (Pseudomonas sp.) and a yeast (Rhodotorula sp.), reduced powdery mildew severity when applied separately or in combination. Observations using scanning electron microscopy revealed a different distribution of the bacteria in the absence and in the presence of powdery mildew on the leaf. The yeast was not affected by the presence of powdery mildew on the leaf. The bacterium population declined significantly at high temperature and low relative humidity (r.h.) when tested under controlled conditions.
The yeast was much less affected by these microclimate conditions. Similar results were obtained in greenhouse experiments: the bacteria survived better under high r.h. than at lower r.h. The yeast was not affected by microclimate conditions and disease level, and survived better than the bacterium during 16 days. Similar results were obtained in the grape powdery mildew system. We can therefore conclude that the yeast survives better than bacteria under severe conditions and changing microclimate conditions. [L]
The research is funded by Autonomous Province of Trento, Call for Proposal Major Projects 2006, Project ENVIROCHANGE

פותח על ידי קלירמאש פתרונות בע"מ -
הספר "אוצר וולקני"
אודות
תנאי שימוש
Influence of microclimate on pathogen–biocontrol agents interaction in the tomato powdery mildew (Oidium neolycopersici) pathosystem [abstract]
39

I. Pertot

Oidium neolycopersici is the causal agent of tomato powdery mildew, resulting in powdery white spots on leaves and other plant parts. Severe infections lead to marked reduction in fruit size and quality and to leaf wilt. Biocontrol agents (BCAs) can provide sufficient protection, but they are sensitive to environmental conditions. A better understanding of the plant-pathogen – BCAs interaction and the effect of microclimate on the interaction can help to improve the efficacy of BCAs. Two microorganisms, a bacterium (Pseudomonas sp.) and a yeast (Rhodotorula sp.), reduced powdery mildew severity when applied separately or in combination. Observations using scanning electron microscopy revealed a different distribution of the bacteria in the absence and in the presence of powdery mildew on the leaf. The yeast was not affected by the presence of powdery mildew on the leaf. The bacterium population declined significantly at high temperature and low relative humidity (r.h.) when tested under controlled conditions.
The yeast was much less affected by these microclimate conditions. Similar results were obtained in greenhouse experiments: the bacteria survived better under high r.h. than at lower r.h. The yeast was not affected by microclimate conditions and disease level, and survived better than the bacterium during 16 days. Similar results were obtained in the grape powdery mildew system. We can therefore conclude that the yeast survives better than bacteria under severe conditions and changing microclimate conditions. [L]
The research is funded by Autonomous Province of Trento, Call for Proposal Major Projects 2006, Project ENVIROCHANGE

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