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Phytoparasitica

B. Rubin

Egyptian broomrape (Phelipanche aegyptiaca) is a major problem in Israel in many field crops such as tomato, potato and carrot. Growing carrot in an infested field can cause severe damage and even total yield loss. Today farmers use glyphosate, a nonselective herbicide, at low rates against Egyptian broomrape in carrot fields in Israel, due to its relatively safe use in this crop. Glyphosate herbicide efficiency against Egyptian broomrape is limited and there are many reports of low efficiency of the herbicide on broomrape control and severe damage to the crop. In this research we tried to define the effective time and way to apply the herbicide in terms of broomrape developmental stage and herbicide rate. Infested and non-infested carrot plants were sprayed with three glyphosate rates (0, 0.15 and 0.3l ha-1), at five different broomrape stages starting at the first tubercle appearance on the roots up to shoot emergence above the ground level. Pots of each application were opened on five different dates. Carrot taproot and broomrape weight were determined at every pot opening. We found that one application at the first tubercle appearance stage or when the attachment number is not maximal had no effect in the long term due to new attachment formations after the application. One application after the formation of maximal attachments reduced broomrape weight by 40 % compared with the control at two herbicide rates (0.15 and 0.3l ha-1). The two last applications were less effective due to increase of the broomrape biomass and the limited effect of the herbicide. At all application times and rates the non-infested carrot taproot weight was not adversely affected. In summary, it was found that to control Egyptian broomrape in carrot one must apply the herbicide three or four times in order to reduce the broomrape damage to a minimal level.

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תנאי שימוש
The influence of glyphosate application timing on Egyptian broomrape (Phelipanche aegyptiaca) parasitism on carrot (Daucus carota L.) roots [abstract]
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B. Rubin

Egyptian broomrape (Phelipanche aegyptiaca) is a major problem in Israel in many field crops such as tomato, potato and carrot. Growing carrot in an infested field can cause severe damage and even total yield loss. Today farmers use glyphosate, a nonselective herbicide, at low rates against Egyptian broomrape in carrot fields in Israel, due to its relatively safe use in this crop. Glyphosate herbicide efficiency against Egyptian broomrape is limited and there are many reports of low efficiency of the herbicide on broomrape control and severe damage to the crop. In this research we tried to define the effective time and way to apply the herbicide in terms of broomrape developmental stage and herbicide rate. Infested and non-infested carrot plants were sprayed with three glyphosate rates (0, 0.15 and 0.3l ha-1), at five different broomrape stages starting at the first tubercle appearance on the roots up to shoot emergence above the ground level. Pots of each application were opened on five different dates. Carrot taproot and broomrape weight were determined at every pot opening. We found that one application at the first tubercle appearance stage or when the attachment number is not maximal had no effect in the long term due to new attachment formations after the application. One application after the formation of maximal attachments reduced broomrape weight by 40 % compared with the control at two herbicide rates (0.15 and 0.3l ha-1). The two last applications were less effective due to increase of the broomrape biomass and the limited effect of the herbicide. At all application times and rates the non-infested carrot taproot weight was not adversely affected. In summary, it was found that to control Egyptian broomrape in carrot one must apply the herbicide three or four times in order to reduce the broomrape damage to a minimal level.

Scientific Publication
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