תפריט נגישות
ניגודיות עדינהניגודיות גבוהה
מונוכרום
הדגשת קישורים
חסימת אנימציה
פונט קריא
סגור
איפוס הגדרות נגישות
להורדת מודול נגישות חינם תפריט נגישותניגודיות עדינהניגודיות גבוההמונוכרוםהדגשת קישוריםחסימת אנימציהפונט קריאסגוראיפוס הגדרות נגישותלהורדת מודול נגישות חינםKrieger, Bärbel; Schwermer, Carsten U.; Rezakhani, Nastaran; Horn, Marcus A.; Gieseke, Armin; van Rijn, Jaap; Drake, Harold L.; Schramm, Andreas
Conventional aquaculture systems release nitrogen compounds and organic matter into marine environments. As an environmentally-friendly alternative, a zero-discharge mariculture system recently was developed containing a 3-stage biofilter for nitrification, denitrification/anaerobic sludge digestion, and sulfide oxidation. Sulfate reduction in the anaerobic part of the system leads to sulfide concentrations exceeding 5 mM, which may affect nitrate reduction and denitrification. Sulfide can inhibit nitrous oxide reductase, trigger a shift from denitrification to dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), or be used as electron donor for nitrate reduction. The goal of this study was to identify and isolate nitrate-reducing and denitrifying bacteria from the biofilter and to investigate their response to sulfide concentrations relevant for the system. Almost 500 nitrate-consuming isolates were screened by 16S rRNA gene-RFLP; for each RFLP pattern representatives were sequenced. In total, 40 different strains were identified, some of them novel species, mostly affiliating with Alphaproteobacteria but also including Beta- and Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. The diversity of the isolates was compared to the cultivation-independent diversity of nitrate-reducing and denitrifying bacteria based on narG and nosZ as functional marker genes. Growth experiments revealed great differences in sulfide-tolerance among isolates, ranging from < 50 µM to 5 mM; some strains were also able to oxidize sulfide. Increasing sulfide concentrations generally resulted in increased nitrous oxide production. Batch incubations of anaerobic sludge with 15N-nitrate confirmed the in situ relevance of these results and indicated a sulfide-induced shift from denitrification to DNRA.
Krieger, Bärbel; Schwermer, Carsten U.; Rezakhani, Nastaran; Horn, Marcus A.; Gieseke, Armin; van Rijn, Jaap; Drake, Harold L.; Schramm, Andreas
Conventional aquaculture systems release nitrogen compounds and organic matter into marine environments. As an environmentally-friendly alternative, a zero-discharge mariculture system recently was developed containing a 3-stage biofilter for nitrification, denitrification/anaerobic sludge digestion, and sulfide oxidation. Sulfate reduction in the anaerobic part of the system leads to sulfide concentrations exceeding 5 mM, which may affect nitrate reduction and denitrification. Sulfide can inhibit nitrous oxide reductase, trigger a shift from denitrification to dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), or be used as electron donor for nitrate reduction. The goal of this study was to identify and isolate nitrate-reducing and denitrifying bacteria from the biofilter and to investigate their response to sulfide concentrations relevant for the system. Almost 500 nitrate-consuming isolates were screened by 16S rRNA gene-RFLP; for each RFLP pattern representatives were sequenced. In total, 40 different strains were identified, some of them novel species, mostly affiliating with Alphaproteobacteria but also including Beta- and Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. The diversity of the isolates was compared to the cultivation-independent diversity of nitrate-reducing and denitrifying bacteria based on narG and nosZ as functional marker genes. Growth experiments revealed great differences in sulfide-tolerance among isolates, ranging from < 50 µM to 5 mM; some strains were also able to oxidize sulfide. Increasing sulfide concentrations generally resulted in increased nitrous oxide production. Batch incubations of anaerobic sludge with 15N-nitrate confirmed the in situ relevance of these results and indicated a sulfide-induced shift from denitrification to DNRA.
