תפריט נגישות
ניגודיות עדינהניגודיות גבוהה
מונוכרום
הדגשת קישורים
חסימת אנימציה
פונט קריא
סגור
איפוס הגדרות נגישות
להורדת מודול נגישות חינם תפריט נגישותניגודיות עדינהניגודיות גבוההמונוכרוםהדגשת קישוריםחסימת אנימציהפונט קריאסגוראיפוס הגדרות נגישותלהורדת מודול נגישות חינםY. Kaplan
R.S. Baghel
R.A. Stern
I. Ginzberg
Calyx end cracking in ‘Cripps Pink’ apple develops as concentric cracks around the stylar end. Treatment of early fruit with a mixture of synthetic cytokinin (6-benzyl adenine; BA) and gibberellins (GA4 plus GA7) significantly reduced the intensity and severity of the disorder. The reduced cracking was associated with increased epidermal cell density that was maintained until fruit maturation. Interestingly, the calyx end is susceptible to cracking, albeit having a significantly higher epidermal cell density than the equator region. This may stem from the different spatial structures of these two fruit areas. In ‘Cripps Pink’, the calyx region forms an elongated cavity with the calyx scar at its inner pole that may result in increased local tension and circumferentialtype fractures. Moreover, the epidermal cells of untreated fruit are spaced apart and shrunken and probably do not hold the local stress. Recently, due to global warming, netting was applied in the orchards, which required studying its effect on fruit cracking incidence and the BA and GA4+7 activity. Net shading reduces temperature and light intensity and may alter light and GA signaling. Results indicated a significant reduction of calyx end cracking under the netting compared to untreated control. A further reduction was obtained following the combined treatment of netting plus BA and GA4+7. The mechanism by which the netting reduces cracking is not clear. Gene expression of PIF4 and HY5 of the light signaling pathway was upregulated by the combined treatment, albeit not always significantly; likewise, GA receptor gene, GID1B, the cell wall EXPA4 and the WSD1 of wax biosynthesis. It is suggested that netting most likely induces shade avoidance response, activating light- and GA-signaling pathways that interact with the GA signaling cascade induced by the BA and GA4+7 treatment, to promote increase in epidermal cell density and reduction of calyx end cracking.
Y. Kaplan
R.S. Baghel
R.A. Stern
I. Ginzberg
Calyx end cracking in ‘Cripps Pink’ apple develops as concentric cracks around the stylar end. Treatment of early fruit with a mixture of synthetic cytokinin (6-benzyl adenine; BA) and gibberellins (GA4 plus GA7) significantly reduced the intensity and severity of the disorder. The reduced cracking was associated with increased epidermal cell density that was maintained until fruit maturation. Interestingly, the calyx end is susceptible to cracking, albeit having a significantly higher epidermal cell density than the equator region. This may stem from the different spatial structures of these two fruit areas. In ‘Cripps Pink’, the calyx region forms an elongated cavity with the calyx scar at its inner pole that may result in increased local tension and circumferentialtype fractures. Moreover, the epidermal cells of untreated fruit are spaced apart and shrunken and probably do not hold the local stress. Recently, due to global warming, netting was applied in the orchards, which required studying its effect on fruit cracking incidence and the BA and GA4+7 activity. Net shading reduces temperature and light intensity and may alter light and GA signaling. Results indicated a significant reduction of calyx end cracking under the netting compared to untreated control. A further reduction was obtained following the combined treatment of netting plus BA and GA4+7. The mechanism by which the netting reduces cracking is not clear. Gene expression of PIF4 and HY5 of the light signaling pathway was upregulated by the combined treatment, albeit not always significantly; likewise, GA receptor gene, GID1B, the cell wall EXPA4 and the WSD1 of wax biosynthesis. It is suggested that netting most likely induces shade avoidance response, activating light- and GA-signaling pathways that interact with the GA signaling cascade induced by the BA and GA4+7 treatment, to promote increase in epidermal cell density and reduction of calyx end cracking.
