Co-Authors:
Shimoni, E., Department of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
Baasov, T., Department of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
Ravid, U., Institute of Catalysis Science and Technology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
Shoham, Y., Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishai 30095, Israel, Newe ya'Ar Research Center, P. O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishai 30095, Israel, Dept. of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Technion-IIT, Haifa 32000, Israel
Abstract:
A bacterial strain (TA13) capable of utilizing t-anethole as the sole carbon source was isolated from soil. The strain was identified as Arthrobacter aurescens based on its 16 S rRNA gene sequence. Key steps of the degradation pathway of t-anethole were identified by the use of t-anethole-blocked mutants and specific inducible enzymatic activities. In addition to t-anethole, strain TA13 is capable of utilizing anisic acid, anisaldehyde, and anisic alcohol as the sole carbon source. t-Anethole-blocked mutants were obtained following mutagenesis and penicillin enrichment. Some of these blocked mutants, accumulated in the presence of t-anethole quantitative amounts of t-anethole-diol, anisic acid, and 4,6-dicarboxy-2-pyrone and traces of anisic alcohol and anisaldehyde. Enzymatic activities induced by t-anethole included: 4-methoxybenzoate O-demethylase, p-hydroxybenzoate 3-hydroxylase, and protocatechuate-4,5-dioxygenase. These findings indicate that t-anethole is metabolized to protocatechuic acid through t-anethole-diol, anisaldehyde, anisic acid, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. The protocatechuic acid is then cleaved by protocatechuate-4,5-dioxygenase to yield 2-hydroxy-4-carboxy muconate-semialdehyde. Results from inducible uptake ability and enzymatic assays indicate that at least three regulatory units are involved in the t-anethole degradation pathway. These findings provide new routes for environmental friendly production processes of valuable aromatic chemicals via bioconversion of phenylpropenoids.
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