אסיף מאגר המחקר החקלאי

Plant cholesterol biosynthetic pathway overlaps with phytosterol metabolism

Year:

2016

Source of publication :

Authors :

Volume :

3

Co-Authors:

Sonawane, P.D., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Pollier, J., Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Gent, Belgium, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
Panda, S., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
Szymanski, J., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, School of Computer Sciences, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
Massalha, H., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Yona, M., Israel Structural Proteomics Centre, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Unger, T., Israel Structural Proteomics Centre, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Malitsky, S., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Arendt, P., Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Gent, Belgium, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium, VIB Medical Biotechnology Center, Gent, Belgium
Pauwels, L., Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Gent, Belgium, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
Almekias-Siegl, E., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Rogachev, I., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Meir, S., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Cárdenas, P.D., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Masri, A., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Petrikov, M., Department of Vegetable Research, ARO-Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel
Schaller, H., Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Botanique, Strasbourg, France
Schaffer, A.A., Department of Vegetable Research, ARO-Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel
Kamble, A., Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
Giri, A.P., Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Goossens, A., Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Gent, Belgium, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
Aharoni, A., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

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Abstract:

The amount of cholesterol made by many plants is not negligible. Whereas cholesterogenesis in animals was elucidated decades ago, the plant pathway has remained enigmatic. Among other roles, cholesterol is a key precursor for thousands of bioactive plant metabolites, including the well-known Solanum steroidal glycoalkaloids. Integrating tomato transcript and protein co-expression data revealed candidate genes putatively associated with cholesterol biosynthesis. A combination of functional assays including gene silencing, examination of recombinant enzyme activity and yeast mutant complementation suggests the cholesterol pathway comprises 12 enzymes acting in 10 steps. It appears that half of the cholesterogenesis-specific enzymes evolved through gene duplication and divergence from phytosterol biosynthetic enzymes, whereas others act reciprocally in both cholesterol and phytosterol metabolism. Our findings provide a unique example of nature's capacity to exploit existing protein folds and catalytic machineries from primary metabolism to assemble a new, multi-step metabolic pathway. Finally, the engineering of a 'high-cholesterol' model plant underscores the future value of our gene toolbox to produce high-value steroidal compounds via synthetic biology. © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved.

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