אסיף מאגר המחקר החקלאי

Root growth dynamics of olive (Olea europaea L.) affected by irrigation induced salinity

Year:

2016

Source of publication :

Authors :

Volume :

411

Co-Authors:

Soda, N., Institute of Soil Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat Research Center, mobile post Negev, Israel, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat Research Center, mobile post Negev, Israel
Ephrath, J.E., French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Israel
Dag, A., Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat Research Center, mobile post Negev, Israel
Beiersdorf, I., Institute of Soil Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat Research Center, mobile post Negev, Israel, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Israel
Presnov, E., Institute of Soil Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat Research Center, mobile post Negev, Israel
Yermiyahu, U., Institute of Soil Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat Research Center, mobile post Negev, Israel
Ben-Gal, A., Institute of Soil Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat Research Center, mobile post Negev, Israel

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Abstract:

Background and aims: Irrigated olives are increasingly exposed to conditions of high salinity. Salt tolerance of olives is commonly attributed to ion exclusion. Our objective was to advance understanding of salt stress response of olive roots. Methods: Nine levels of root zone salinity originating from either irrigation water salinity or leaching level were applied to bearing olive cv. Barnea trees grown in large weighing-drainage lysimeters. Minirhizotrons were used to measure count, diameter, length and age (color) of roots while analysis of sampled roots and leaves quantified ion uptake and accumulation. Results: Increased exposure to salinity caused reduction in number and length of roots and increased root turnover. The most drastic effects occurred at the first level of salt gradient. Concentration of Na+ and Cl− was 5–10 times greater in root compared to leaf tissue. The K+/Na+ ratio decreased tenfold as root zone salinity increased in both roots and leaves. Conclusions: Restricted ion transport from roots protected aerial tissue from ion toxicity, but at a high cost as root growth decreased and mortality rate increased. We suggest that the ionic component of salt stress is a prevailing force restricting root growth, life span and development in olives. © 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

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