Auxin type and timing of application determine the activation of the developmental program during in vitro organogenesis in apple

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Auxin type and timing of application determine the activation of the developmental program during in vitro organogenesis in apple

Year: 

2003

Source of publication :

Plant Science

Authors :

Fischer, Erwin

;

Flaishman, Moshe

.

Volume :

165

Co-Authors: 

Yancheva, S.D., Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural University, 12 Mendeleev Street, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Golubowicz, S., Department of Fruit Trees, Institute of Horticulture, Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
Fisher, E., Inst. of Soil Water/Environ. Sci., ARO, Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
Lev-Yadun, S., Department of Biology, Fac. of Sci. and Science Education, University of Haifa-Oranim, Tivon 36006, Israel
Flaishman, M.A., Department of Fruit Trees, Institute of Horticulture, Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel

From page: 

299

To page: 

309

(

Total pages: 

11

)

Link :

Auxin type and timing of application determine the activation of the developmental program during in vitro organogenesis in apple

Abstract: 

The effects of auxin and cytokinin on the regulation of de novo apple (cv. Topred) shoot development have been studied through shoot induction, differentiation and development. Leaves were cultured in vitro with Thidiazuron (TDZ) in combination with various auxins. Histological observations showed that within 3 days TDZ with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) enhanced more cell divisions than TDZ with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). One day of exposure to either TDZ + IBA or TDZ + 2,4-D, followed by culture on hormone free medium, initiated cell determination towards shoot regeneration but with only low rates of shoot formation (5-6%). Extension of the culture with TDZ+IBA to 6 days, increased shoot regeneration to approximately 30% and treatment with TDZ+IBA for the whole experimental period (35 days) increased it to 72%. However, a 2-day culture with TDZ+ 2,4-D, followed by TDZ + IBA for 33 days increased regeneration to approximately 80%. TDZ with IBA or with IAA determined cell fate to shoot development, whereas TDZ+2,4-D application for more than 6 days led to the decline of shoot development. The first 6 days of the process form the 'window' of determination of cell fate. We conclude that in apple, the type of auxin, the timing of its application and the length of explant exposure to the specific auxin are critical for the activation and progression of the developmental program. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.