A complex of events and factors, pertinent to a specific insect and insecticide, governs the development of resistance to insecticides. In Israel, resistance to conventional and novel insecticides occurred in insect pests such as Bemisia tabaci and Spodoptera littoralis (that damage agricultural crops), Tribolium castaneum and other flour beetles (that contaminate stored products), and Pediculus humanus spp., house flies and mosquitoes (that threaten public health). In the mid-1980s an insecticide resistance management (IRM) strategy was established for all cotton grown in Israel and is being adjusted on a yearly basis as needed. At present, insect pest management and IRM strategies are being developed and implemented area-wide for three regions in Israel: Bet She'an Valley, western Galilee, and western Negev. There are several research groups now working in Israel on various aspects of resistance including occurrence, mechanisms, and management practices. This paper offers a tentative review of the status of insecticide and acaricide resistance in pests in Israel.