אסיף מאגר המחקר החקלאי

A metabolic gene cluster in the wheat W1 and the barley Cer-cqu loci determines β-diketone biosynthesis and glaucousness

Year:

2016

Source of publication :

Authors :

Volume :

28

Co-Authors:

Hen-Avivi, S., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Savin, O., Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Racovita, R.C., Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Lee, W.-S., Plant Biology and Crop Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
Adamski, N.M., John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
Malitsky, S., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Almekias-Siegl, E., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Levy, M., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Vautrin, S., INRA-Centre National de Ressources Génomiques Végétales, Castanet Tolosan, France
Bergès, H., INRA-Centre National de Ressources Génomiques Végétales, Castanet Tolosan, France
Friedlander, G., The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Kartvelishvily, E., Electron Microscopy Unit, Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Ben-Zvi, G., NRGene, Ness Ziona, Israel
Alkan, N., Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel
Uauy, C., John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
Kanyuka, K., Plant Biology and Crop Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
Jetter, R., Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, Department of Botany, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Distelfeld, A., Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Aharoni, A., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

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Abstract:

The glaucous appearance of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) plants, that is the light bluish-gray look of flag leaf, stem, and spike surfaces, results from deposition of cuticular β-diketone wax on their surfaces; this phenotype is associated with high yield, especially under drought conditions. Despite extensive genetic and biochemical characterization, the molecular genetic basis underlying the biosynthesis of β-diketones remains unclear. Here, we discovered that the wheat W1 locus contains a metabolic gene cluster mediating β-diketone biosynthesis. The cluster comprises genes encoding proteins of several families including type-III polyketide synthases, hydrolases, and cytochrome P450s related to known fatty acid hydroxylases. The cluster region was identified in both genetic and physical maps of glaucous and glossy tetraploid wheat, demonstrating entirely different haplotypes in these accessions. Complementary evidence obtained through gene silencing in planta and heterologous expression in bacteria supports a model for a β-diketone biosynthesis pathway involving members of these three protein families. Mutations in homologous genes were identified in the barley eceriferum mutants defective in β-diketone biosynthesis, demonstrating a gene cluster also in the β-diketone biosynthesis Cer-cqu locus in barley. Hence, our findings open new opportunities to breed major cereal crops for surface features that impact yield and stress response. © 2016 American Society of Plant Biologists.

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