Many studies preformed in human demonstrate that the composition of the gut microbiome composition has an effect on pregnancy development and progress as well as embryo development. The composition of the gut microbiome population effects in pregnant women the blood levels of cholesterol, triglycerides and folic acid. Other study demonstrates that the gut microbiome population composition at the first trimester of pregnancy is significantly different from the microbiome found in the third trimester.

In this proposal we aimed to explore the changes in gut microbiome during the different stages of pregnancy in dairy cows. For this purpose rumen fluid was sampled before, during and after pregnancy from cows. Using the Arisa sequencing method, we identified the different microbiome population at the different stages of pregnancy. We also examined the correlation between different physiological parameters, pregnancy progression and the gut microbiome population composition.