S. Haridas. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
R. Albert. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
M. Binder. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J. Bloem. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
K. LaButti. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
A. Salamov. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
B. Andreopoulos. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
S.E. Baker. Functional and Systems Biology Group, Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.
K. Barry. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
G. Bills. University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.
B.H. Bluhm. University of Arkansas, Fayelletville, AR, USA.
C. Cannon. Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
R. Castanera. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB-UPNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
D.E. Culley. Functional and Systems Biology Group, Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.
C. Daum. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
J.B. González. Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
B. Henrissat. CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; INRA, Marseille, France; Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
A. Kuo. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
C. Liang. College of Agronomy and Plant Protection, Qingdao Agricultural University, China.
A. Lipzen. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
F.Lutzoni. Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
J. Magnuson. Functional and Systems Biology Group, Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.
S.J.Mondo. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Bioagricultural Science and Pest Management Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
M. Nolan. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
R.A. Ohm. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J. Pangilinan. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
H.-J. Park. Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
L. Ramírez. Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB-UPNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
M. Alfaro. Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB-UPNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
H. Sun. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
A. Tritt. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
Y. Yoshinaga. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
L.-H. Zwiers. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
B.G. Turgeon. Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
S.B. Goodwin. U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
J.W. Spatafora. Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
P.W. Crous. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
I.V. Grigoriev. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Dothideomycetes is the largest class of kingdom Fungi and comprises an incredible diversity of lifestyles, many of which have evolved multiple times. Plant pathogens represent a major ecological niche of the class Dothideomycetes and they are known to infect most major food crops and feedstocks for biomass and biofuel production. Studying the ecology and evolution of Dothideomycetes has significant implications for our fundamental understanding of fungal evolution, their adaptation to stress and host specificity, and practical implications with regard to the effects of climate change and on the food, feed, and livestock elements of the agro-economy. In this study, we present the first large-scale, whole-genome comparison of 101 Dothideomycetes introducing 55 newly sequenced species. The availability of whole-genome data produced a high-confidence phylogeny leading to reclassification of 25 organisms, provided a clearer picture of the relationships among the various families, and indicated that pathogenicity evolved multiple times within this class. We also identified gene family expansions and contractions across the Dothideomycetes phylogeny linked to ecological niches providing insights into genome evolution and adaptation across this group. Using machine-learning methods we classified fungi into lifestyle classes with >95 % accuracy and identified a small number of gene families that positively correlated with these distinctions. This can become a valuable tool for genome-based prediction of species lifestyle, especially for rarely seen and poorly studied species.
S. Haridas. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
R. Albert. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
M. Binder. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J. Bloem. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
K. LaButti. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
A. Salamov. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
B. Andreopoulos. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
S.E. Baker. Functional and Systems Biology Group, Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.
K. Barry. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
G. Bills. University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.
B.H. Bluhm. University of Arkansas, Fayelletville, AR, USA.
C. Cannon. Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
R. Castanera. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB-UPNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
D.E. Culley. Functional and Systems Biology Group, Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.
C. Daum. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
J.B. González. Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
B. Henrissat. CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; INRA, Marseille, France; Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
A. Kuo. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
C. Liang. College of Agronomy and Plant Protection, Qingdao Agricultural University, China.
A. Lipzen. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
F.Lutzoni. Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
J. Magnuson. Functional and Systems Biology Group, Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.
S.J.Mondo. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Bioagricultural Science and Pest Management Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
M. Nolan. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
R.A. Ohm. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J. Pangilinan. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
H.-J. Park. Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
L. Ramírez. Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB-UPNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
M. Alfaro. Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB-UPNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
H. Sun. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
A. Tritt. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
Y. Yoshinaga. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
L.-H. Zwiers. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
B.G. Turgeon. Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
S.B. Goodwin. U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
J.W. Spatafora. Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
P.W. Crous. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
I.V. Grigoriev. US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Dothideomycetes is the largest class of kingdom Fungi and comprises an incredible diversity of lifestyles, many of which have evolved multiple times. Plant pathogens represent a major ecological niche of the class Dothideomycetes and they are known to infect most major food crops and feedstocks for biomass and biofuel production. Studying the ecology and evolution of Dothideomycetes has significant implications for our fundamental understanding of fungal evolution, their adaptation to stress and host specificity, and practical implications with regard to the effects of climate change and on the food, feed, and livestock elements of the agro-economy. In this study, we present the first large-scale, whole-genome comparison of 101 Dothideomycetes introducing 55 newly sequenced species. The availability of whole-genome data produced a high-confidence phylogeny leading to reclassification of 25 organisms, provided a clearer picture of the relationships among the various families, and indicated that pathogenicity evolved multiple times within this class. We also identified gene family expansions and contractions across the Dothideomycetes phylogeny linked to ecological niches providing insights into genome evolution and adaptation across this group. Using machine-learning methods we classified fungi into lifestyle classes with >95 % accuracy and identified a small number of gene families that positively correlated with these distinctions. This can become a valuable tool for genome-based prediction of species lifestyle, especially for rarely seen and poorly studied species.