תפריט נגישות
ניגודיות עדינהניגודיות גבוהה
מונוכרום
הדגשת קישורים
חסימת אנימציה
פונט קריא
סגור
איפוס הגדרות נגישות
להורדת מודול נגישות חינם תפריט נגישותניגודיות עדינהניגודיות גבוההמונוכרוםהדגשת קישוריםחסימת אנימציהפונט קריאסגוראיפוס הגדרות נגישותלהורדת מודול נגישות חינםEdoardo Piombo - Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy; AGROINNOVA—Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the Agro-environmental Sector, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
Ahmed Abdelfattah - Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria; Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
Yaara Danino - Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 5020000, Israel;
Davide Spadaro - Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy; AGROINNOVA—Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the Agro-environmental Sector, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
Michael Wisniewski - U.S. Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA;
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is considered to be a highly important food crop in several African and Middle Eastern countries due to its nutritional value and health-promoting properties. Microbial contamination of dates has been of concern to consumers, but very few works have analyzed in detail the microbial load of the different parts of date fruit. In the present work, we characterized the fungal communities of date fruit using a metagenomic approach, analyzing the data for differences between microbial populations residing in the pulp and peel of “Medjool” dates at the different stages of fruit development. The results revealed that Penicillium, Cladosporium, Aspergillus, and Alternaria were the most abundant genera in both parts of the fruit, however, the distribution of taxa among the time points and tissue types (peel vs. pulp) was very diverse. Penicillium was more abundant in the pulp at the green developmental stage (Kimri), while Aspergillus was more frequent in the peel at the brown developmental stage (Tamer). The highest abundance of Alternaria was detected at the earliest sampled stage of fruit development (Hababauk stage). Cladosporium had a high level of abundance in peel tissues at the Hababauk and yellow (Khalal) stages. Regarding the yeast community, the abundance of Candida remained stable up until the Khalal stage, but exhibited a dramatic increase in abundance at the Tamer stage in peel tissues, while the level of Metschnikowia, a genus containing several species with postharvest biocontrol activity, exhibited no significant differences between the two tissue types or stages of fruit development. This work constitutes a comprehensive metagenomic analysis of the fungal microbiome of date fruits, and has identified changes in the composition of the fungal microbiome in peel and pulp tissues at the different stages of fruit development. Notably, this study has also characterized the endophytic fungal microbiome present in pulp tissues of dates.
Edoardo Piombo - Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy; AGROINNOVA—Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the Agro-environmental Sector, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
Ahmed Abdelfattah - Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria; Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
Yaara Danino - Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 5020000, Israel;
Davide Spadaro - Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy; AGROINNOVA—Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the Agro-environmental Sector, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
Michael Wisniewski - U.S. Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA;
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is considered to be a highly important food crop in several African and Middle Eastern countries due to its nutritional value and health-promoting properties. Microbial contamination of dates has been of concern to consumers, but very few works have analyzed in detail the microbial load of the different parts of date fruit. In the present work, we characterized the fungal communities of date fruit using a metagenomic approach, analyzing the data for differences between microbial populations residing in the pulp and peel of “Medjool” dates at the different stages of fruit development. The results revealed that Penicillium, Cladosporium, Aspergillus, and Alternaria were the most abundant genera in both parts of the fruit, however, the distribution of taxa among the time points and tissue types (peel vs. pulp) was very diverse. Penicillium was more abundant in the pulp at the green developmental stage (Kimri), while Aspergillus was more frequent in the peel at the brown developmental stage (Tamer). The highest abundance of Alternaria was detected at the earliest sampled stage of fruit development (Hababauk stage). Cladosporium had a high level of abundance in peel tissues at the Hababauk and yellow (Khalal) stages. Regarding the yeast community, the abundance of Candida remained stable up until the Khalal stage, but exhibited a dramatic increase in abundance at the Tamer stage in peel tissues, while the level of Metschnikowia, a genus containing several species with postharvest biocontrol activity, exhibited no significant differences between the two tissue types or stages of fruit development. This work constitutes a comprehensive metagenomic analysis of the fungal microbiome of date fruits, and has identified changes in the composition of the fungal microbiome in peel and pulp tissues at the different stages of fruit development. Notably, this study has also characterized the endophytic fungal microbiome present in pulp tissues of dates.
