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Soil sealing: Infiltration and Runoff
Year:
1996
Authors :
Assouline, Shmuel
;
.
Volume :
Co-Authors:

Y. Mualem - Faculty of Agriculture,The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel

Facilitators :
From page:
131
To page:
181
(
Total pages:
51
)
Abstract:

Arid zones are characterized by vast areas of bare soils, low annual precipitation, but high rainfall intensities with high kinetic energy. Desertification of less arid regions may also be a result of overgrazing and exploitation of vegetation beyond the land’s productive potential. Bare soils exposed to rainfall are subjected to physical and chemical processes which change the properties at the vicinity of the soil surface. When dried, a hard layer is formed in the soil surface which is viewed as a “crust”. This phenomenon, when disregarded, may be harmful to agriculture. It decreases the infiltration rate, reduces the available water at the root zone, increases runoff and soil erosion and affects seedlings and plant growth. Duley (1939) reported that raindrop impacts on the bare soil surface are the cause of such a low permeability crust. Hoogmoed and Stroosnijder (1984) studied the semi-arid region of the Sahel in Central Africa and concluded that it was very sensitive to crust formation and that, on average, 25% of the rain is lost by runoff. They also noted that on untilled soils, the presence of a crust is a permanent feature. The crust formation, which limits the cumulative infiltration of valuable water to the root zone, induces in fact a vicious cycle since it affects vegetation cover, thus leaving the soil surface bare and exposed to rainfall.

Note:

Part of the Water Science and Technology Library book series (WSTL, volume 21)

Related Files :
hydraulic conductivity
hydraulic property
Infiltration rate
rainfall intensity
runoff
soil
Undisturbed soil
Show More
Related Content
More details
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2929-1_4
Article number:
0
Affiliations:
Database:
Publication Type:
Book chapter
;
.
Language:
English
Editors' remarks:
ID:
51553
Last updated date:
02/03/2022 17:27
Creation date:
08/11/2020 10:05
You may also be interested in
Scientific Publication
Soil sealing: Infiltration and Runoff

Y. Mualem - Faculty of Agriculture,The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel

Soil sealing: Infiltration and Runoff

Arid zones are characterized by vast areas of bare soils, low annual precipitation, but high rainfall intensities with high kinetic energy. Desertification of less arid regions may also be a result of overgrazing and exploitation of vegetation beyond the land’s productive potential. Bare soils exposed to rainfall are subjected to physical and chemical processes which change the properties at the vicinity of the soil surface. When dried, a hard layer is formed in the soil surface which is viewed as a “crust”. This phenomenon, when disregarded, may be harmful to agriculture. It decreases the infiltration rate, reduces the available water at the root zone, increases runoff and soil erosion and affects seedlings and plant growth. Duley (1939) reported that raindrop impacts on the bare soil surface are the cause of such a low permeability crust. Hoogmoed and Stroosnijder (1984) studied the semi-arid region of the Sahel in Central Africa and concluded that it was very sensitive to crust formation and that, on average, 25% of the rain is lost by runoff. They also noted that on untilled soils, the presence of a crust is a permanent feature. The crust formation, which limits the cumulative infiltration of valuable water to the root zone, induces in fact a vicious cycle since it affects vegetation cover, thus leaving the soil surface bare and exposed to rainfall.

Part of the Water Science and Technology Library book series (WSTL, volume 21)

Scientific Publication
You may also be interested in