Das, M.T. - Department of Environmental Science, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, Odisha 756020, India.
Kumar, S.S. - J.C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, Haryana 121006, India; Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
Ghosh, P.- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
Shah, G. - Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
Malyan, S.K. - Institute for Soil, Water, and Environmental Sciences, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel.
Bajar, S. - J.C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, Haryana 121006, India.
Thakur, I.S. - School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110 067, India.
Singh, L. - Department of Environmental Science, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522502, India
Phthalates are a group of emerging xenobiotic compounds commonly used as plasticizers. In recent times, there has been an increasing concern over the risk of phthalate exposure leading to adverse effects to human health and the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to not only understand the current status of phthalate pollution, their sources, exposure routes and health impacts, but also identify remediation technologies for mitigating phthalate pollution. Present review article aims to inform its readers about the ever increasing data on health burdens posed by phthalates and simultaneously highlights the recent advancements in research to alleviate phthalate contamination from environment. The article enumerates the major phthalates in use today, traces their environmental fate, addresses their growing health hazard concerns and largely focus on to provide an in-depth understanding of the different physical, chemical and biological treatment methods currently being used or under research for alleviating the risk of phthalate pollution, their challenges and the future research perspectives.
Das, M.T. - Department of Environmental Science, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, Odisha 756020, India.
Kumar, S.S. - J.C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, Haryana 121006, India; Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
Ghosh, P.- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
Shah, G. - Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
Malyan, S.K. - Institute for Soil, Water, and Environmental Sciences, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel.
Bajar, S. - J.C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, Haryana 121006, India.
Thakur, I.S. - School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110 067, India.
Singh, L. - Department of Environmental Science, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522502, India
Phthalates are a group of emerging xenobiotic compounds commonly used as plasticizers. In recent times, there has been an increasing concern over the risk of phthalate exposure leading to adverse effects to human health and the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to not only understand the current status of phthalate pollution, their sources, exposure routes and health impacts, but also identify remediation technologies for mitigating phthalate pollution. Present review article aims to inform its readers about the ever increasing data on health burdens posed by phthalates and simultaneously highlights the recent advancements in research to alleviate phthalate contamination from environment. The article enumerates the major phthalates in use today, traces their environmental fate, addresses their growing health hazard concerns and largely focus on to provide an in-depth understanding of the different physical, chemical and biological treatment methods currently being used or under research for alleviating the risk of phthalate pollution, their challenges and the future research perspectives.