Genetic loci mediating circadian clock output plasticity and crop productivity under barley domestication

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Year: 2021

Source of publication :New Phytologist

Authors :

Bdolach, Eyal; Bonfil, David J.; Doron-Faigenboim, Adi; Fridman, Eyal; Prusty, Manas Ranjan; Silberman, Roi.

Co-Authors:

Manas R. Prusty

Eyal Bdolach

Eiji Yamamoto

Lalit D. Tiwari

Roi Silberman

Adi Doron‐Faigenbaum

Jeffrey L. Neyhart

David Bonfil

Khalil Kashkush

Klaus Pillen

Kevin P. Smith

Eyal Fridman

Abstract:

Circadian clock rhythms shown to be interwind with crop adaptation. To realize the adaptive value of changes in these rhythms under crop domestication and improvement there is a need to compare the genetics of clock and yield traits.
We compared circadian clock rhythmicity based on Chlorophyll leaf fluorescence and transcriptomics among wild ancestors, landraces and breeding lines of barley under optimal and high temperatures. We conducted a genome scan to identify pleiotropic loci regulating the clock and field phenotypes. We also compared the allelic diversity in wild and cultivated barley to test for selective sweeps.
We found significant loss of thermal plasticity in circadian rhythms under domestication. However, transcriptome analysis indicated that this loss was only for output genes, and that temperature compensation in the core clock machinery was maintained. Drivers of the circadian clock (DOC) loci were identified via GWAS and, notably, these loci also modified growth and reproductive outputs in the field. Diversity analysis indicated selective sweep in these pleiotropic DOC loci.
These results indicate a selection against thermal clock plasticity under barley domestication and improvement, and highlights importance of identifying genes underlying for understanding the biochemical basis of crop adaptation to changing environments.

barley

Circadian clock

domestication

Grain yield

Plasticity

Selective sweep

More details

Circadian clock rhythms shown to be interwind with crop adaptation. To realize the adaptive value of changes in these rhythms under crop domestication and improvement there is a need to compare the genetics of clock and yield traits.
We compared circadian clock rhythmicity based on Chlorophyll leaf fluorescence and transcriptomics among wild ancestors, landraces and breeding lines of barley under optimal and high temperatures. We conducted a genome scan to identify pleiotropic loci regulating the clock and field phenotypes. We also compared the allelic diversity in wild and cultivated barley to test for selective sweeps.
We found significant loss of thermal plasticity in circadian rhythms under domestication. However, transcriptome analysis indicated that this loss was only for output genes, and that temperature compensation in the core clock machinery was maintained. Drivers of the circadian clock (DOC) loci were identified via GWAS and, notably, these loci also modified growth and reproductive outputs in the field. Diversity analysis indicated selective sweep in these pleiotropic DOC loci.
These results indicate a selection against thermal clock plasticity under barley domestication and improvement, and highlights importance of identifying genes underlying for understanding the biochemical basis of crop adaptation to changing environments.