תפריט נגישות
ניגודיות עדינהניגודיות גבוהה
מונוכרום
הדגשת קישורים
חסימת אנימציה
פונט קריא
סגור
איפוס הגדרות נגישות
להורדת מודול נגישות חינם תפריט נגישותניגודיות עדינהניגודיות גבוההמונוכרוםהדגשת קישוריםחסימת אנימציהפונט קריאסגוראיפוס הגדרות נגישותלהורדת מודול נגישות חינםMatzrafi, M.,
Peleg, Z.,
Lati, R.
Herbicides are the most efficient and cost-effective means of weed management. Over the years, intensive use of herbicides, their misapplication, and inappropriate use, as well as stricter herbicide registration requirements and environmental regulations, resulted in a drastic decline in available active ingredients, which has led to strong selection pressure and evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds (http://www.weedscience.com) throughout the world, especially in intensive agro-systems (e.g., monoculture, and herbicide-tolerant crops). Herbicide resistance is driven by either target site (TS) and non-target site (NTS) mechanisms. TS resistance involves alteration of herbicide efficacy via structural modifications of the binding site or overexpression of its target gene [1]. NTS resistance is associated with various anatomical, cellular and physiological processes, such as reduced absorption and translocation, modified subcellular distribution, and detoxification of the herbicide. The evolution of resistance to a specific herbicide comes with a fitness penalty (i.e., fitness cost), characterized by a reduction in the ability of an organism to survive and/or reproduce when the selective pressure is removed [2]. Yet, at the same time, the fitness of herbicide-resistant populations may also result in an advantage related to altered activity of in planta processes under different environmental conditions. The fitness penalty associated with TS mutations is mainly related to reduced substrate affinity due to structural modification, while in the NTS resistance mechanism, the fitness may originate at the expense of other metabolic functions.
Matzrafi, M.,
Peleg, Z.,
Lati, R.
Herbicides are the most efficient and cost-effective means of weed management. Over the years, intensive use of herbicides, their misapplication, and inappropriate use, as well as stricter herbicide registration requirements and environmental regulations, resulted in a drastic decline in available active ingredients, which has led to strong selection pressure and evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds (http://www.weedscience.com) throughout the world, especially in intensive agro-systems (e.g., monoculture, and herbicide-tolerant crops). Herbicide resistance is driven by either target site (TS) and non-target site (NTS) mechanisms. TS resistance involves alteration of herbicide efficacy via structural modifications of the binding site or overexpression of its target gene [1]. NTS resistance is associated with various anatomical, cellular and physiological processes, such as reduced absorption and translocation, modified subcellular distribution, and detoxification of the herbicide. The evolution of resistance to a specific herbicide comes with a fitness penalty (i.e., fitness cost), characterized by a reduction in the ability of an organism to survive and/or reproduce when the selective pressure is removed [2]. Yet, at the same time, the fitness of herbicide-resistant populations may also result in an advantage related to altered activity of in planta processes under different environmental conditions. The fitness penalty associated with TS mutations is mainly related to reduced substrate affinity due to structural modification, while in the NTS resistance mechanism, the fitness may originate at the expense of other metabolic functions.
