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Druyan, S., Department of Poultry and Aquaculture Science, ARO the Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel
Piestun, Y., Department of Poultry and Aquaculture Science, ARO the Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel
Yahav, S., Department of Poultry and Aquaculture Science, ARO the Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel
Heat stress induces severe hyperthermia in highly productive organisms that are ableto maintain their body temperature within a narrow range. Domestic fowl, being highlyproductive birds, have difficulties in maintaining dynamic steady-state processes underextreme changes in environmental conditions. Severe hyperthermia could lead to acascade of irreversible thermoregulatory events that could be lethal for the bird. Tosustain thermal tolerance and avoid the deleterious consequences of thermal stress, therapid heat shock response (RHSR) is elicited. Although domestic fowl respond with thesame mechanisms as wild birds to acute changes in the environment, their intensiveproduction causes them to face serious difficulties in coping with extreme environmentalchanges. Recent decades have seen tremendous progress in the genetic selection, both offast-growing meat-type broiler chickens and turkeys, and for prolific egg production bylaying hens. However, the significant improvements in body and muscle growth or in eggproduction have not necessarily been accompanied by matching growth of specificvisceral organs. The probable consequence is reduced ability to cope with extremechanges in environmental temperatures. Genetic and physiological manipulations mayenhance the durability of fowl in their struggle with the environment. This chapter will focus on: a. the physiological and molecular mechanisms activatedduring acute heat stress in domestic fowl; b. the genetic and breeding strategies that areneeded in order to improve thermotolerance of highly productive birds; and c. the role ofepigenetic temperature adaptation in thermotolerance acquisition - with emphasis on heatstress. © 2012 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. 2012 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Heat stress in domestic fowl: Genetic and physiological aspects
Druyan, S., Department of Poultry and Aquaculture Science, ARO the Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel
Piestun, Y., Department of Poultry and Aquaculture Science, ARO the Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel
Yahav, S., Department of Poultry and Aquaculture Science, ARO the Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel
Heat stress in domestic fowl: Genetic and physiological aspects
Heat stress induces severe hyperthermia in highly productive organisms that are ableto maintain their body temperature within a narrow range. Domestic fowl, being highlyproductive birds, have difficulties in maintaining dynamic steady-state processes underextreme changes in environmental conditions. Severe hyperthermia could lead to acascade of irreversible thermoregulatory events that could be lethal for the bird. Tosustain thermal tolerance and avoid the deleterious consequences of thermal stress, therapid heat shock response (RHSR) is elicited. Although domestic fowl respond with thesame mechanisms as wild birds to acute changes in the environment, their intensiveproduction causes them to face serious difficulties in coping with extreme environmentalchanges. Recent decades have seen tremendous progress in the genetic selection, both offast-growing meat-type broiler chickens and turkeys, and for prolific egg production bylaying hens. However, the significant improvements in body and muscle growth or in eggproduction have not necessarily been accompanied by matching growth of specificvisceral organs. The probable consequence is reduced ability to cope with extremechanges in environmental temperatures. Genetic and physiological manipulations mayenhance the durability of fowl in their struggle with the environment. This chapter will focus on: a. the physiological and molecular mechanisms activatedduring acute heat stress in domestic fowl; b. the genetic and breeding strategies that areneeded in order to improve thermotolerance of highly productive birds; and c. the role ofepigenetic temperature adaptation in thermotolerance acquisition - with emphasis on heatstress. © 2012 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. 2012 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
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